The Supreme Court’s February 20, 2026, decision in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump upended the legal basis for billions of dollars in tariffs on imports imposed by the Trump administration. The Court held that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) did not authorize the sweeping tariff regime, but it did not address how past collections should be refunded, leaving refund mechanics and timing to be worked out through U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) in coordination with the U.S. Court of International Trade (CIT). While the ruling opened the door for importers to seek substantial refunds from the federal government, including through developing CBP refund procedures and related CIT orders, it also created a new front of litigation risk for companies that passed tariff costs through to consumers.