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Cole White

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Cole is a member of the firm’s Regulatory Investigations, Strategy and Enforcement (RISE) group. He has a decade of experience working in the attorney general community, having joined the firm from the Wyoming Office of the Attorney General, where he was assistant attorney general.

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In early December 2025, federally regulated derivatives exchange KalshiEX LLC filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Connecticut challenging a cease-and-desist order issued by the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection (DCP) directing Kalshi to halt operations in the state. The DCP contends that Kalshi, along with platforms such as Robinhood and Crypto.com, operates an unlicensed and illegal sports betting platform in violation of Connecticut law. According to the agency, Kalshi’s sports event contracts fall squarely within the state’s definition of sports wagering and expose consumers to risk because they operate outside Connecticut’s regulated gaming framework, lack required integrity controls, and are not subject to consumer protection oversight. Connecticut officials have emphasized that “a prediction market wager is not an investment,” and that Kalshi’s platform offers no recourse for consumers under state law if disputes arise.

In this episode of our special 12 Days of Regulatory Insights podcast series, Stephen Piepgrass is joined by Cole White from our RISE Practice Group’s gaming team for a timely, candid conversation on integrity risks and regulatory trends reshaping the legal gaming landscape.

Congress has enacted H.R. 5371, the Continuing Appropriations, Agriculture, Legislative Branch, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Extensions Act, 2026. Section 781 of the law substantially amends the Agricultural Marketing Act’s definition of “hemp,” tightening the THC threshold and explicitly excluding several categories of hemp-derived cannabinoid products from the definition. Because the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) excludes “hemp” by cross-reference to the Agricultural Marketing Act, narrowing the hemp definition will push many currently marketed intoxicating hemp products back into Schedule I status under the CSA once these changes take effect.

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has abruptly reversed a recently approved rule change that would have permitted college athletes and athletic department staff to bet on professional sports. Under a rarely used override process, more than two-thirds of Division I member schools voted within a 30-day window last month to rescind the proposal. The threshold was reached on November 21, nullifying the rule change before it could take effect. As a result, the longstanding ban on sports wagering by NCAA student-athletes and staff remains in place across all three NCAA divisions. However, even if the rule had been implemented, college athletes and athletic department staff would still have been barred from betting on any NCAA contests, as the rescinded change only concerned wagering on professional sports. The vote to revoke the new rule underscores the NCAA membership’s cautious stance amid an evolving sports betting landscape.

The cannabis industry is evolving rapidly, and technology is at the center of this transformation. State-licensed operators are deploying automation tools, robotics, and artificial intelligence (AI) to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and strengthen compliance. However, innovation in this space comes with unusual challenges. Cannabis remains federally illegal, which restricts financial services, complicates interstate commerce, and subjects businesses to a patchwork of state-specific rules.

In July 2025, a bipartisan coalition of 32 state and territorial attorneys general (AG) sent a letter to congressional leaders urging the passage of the Secure and Fair Enforcement Regulation (SAFER) Banking Act. Their letter emphasizes that the legislation — a long-stalled federal reform — would provide legal clarity and a safe harbor for banks and financial institutions to serve state-licensed cannabis businesses. Such clarity, they argue, is urgently needed to address public safety risks and to improve the states’ ability to regulate and tax the booming cannabis industry.

On July 17, the U.S. House Committee on Agriculture hosted a closed-door roundtable briefing focused on the regulatory gray areas surrounding hemp-derived cannabinoid products. The session, convened in response to ongoing concerns over consumer safety, regulatory ambiguity, and market disruption, featured expert insights from four panelists: Jonathan Miller, general counsel for the U.S. Hemp Roundtable; Pamela Epstein, chief legal and regulatory officer at Terpene Belt Farms; Cole White, attorney at Troutman Pepper Locke, in his capacity as special counsel for the Attorney General Alliance; and Dr. Gillian Schauer, executive director of the Cannabis Regulators Association. The discussion reflected mounting congressional interest in addressing the unintended consequences of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018’s (2018 Farm Bill) legalization of hemp and its derivatives.

This article was originally published on July 18, 2025 in Reuters and Westlaw Today.

Intoxicating hemp-derived products have proliferated across the U.S. under the guise of the 2018 Farm Bill’s definition of “hemp.” Although these products produce psychoactive effects akin to state-regulated cannabis products, they are often manufactured and sold with little oversight or regulatory controls.

On May 27, the Texas Legislature sent Senate Bill 3 (SB3) to Gov. Greg Abbott for signature, marking a potentially seismic shift in the legal landscape for hemp-derived cannabinoid products in the state. If signed into law – or allowed to take effect without a veto – SB3 will impose one of the most comprehensive bans on consumable hemp products in the country, to include all products containing any measurable amount of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or other natural and synthetic intoxicating cannabinoids. The legislation targets a market that has flourished since the passage of the 2018 federal Farm Bill and Texas’s 2019 hemp law, creating new compliance, enforcement, and business continuity questions for stakeholders across the supply chain. This article summarizes SB3’s major provisions and provides an example of the impacts the bill will have on manufacturers, retailers, and consumers through the lens of infused beverage products.