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Dear Mary,

Each of the 50 states has its own definition of what constitutes a reportable data breach. For some, it requires “unauthorized access” to personal information. For others, it requires “unauthorized acquisition.” And then, some states have further qualifications to their definition, such as whether that unauthorized access or acquisition “compromises” or “materially compromises” the integrity, security, or confidentiality of the data. No states (apart from New York) define access or acquisition, and no state defines compromise vs. material compromise. How would you suggest analyzing all these varying terms?

– Patchwork

Dear Mary,

I am the privacy compliance officer at a cloud-based software company. We recently experienced an incident where, although none of our client’s data was compromised, it appears that our employees’ information may have been copied and removed from our environment. This information includes employees’ full names, salaries, and salary schedules. All of our employees reside in California, and given the CCPA’s broad definition of personal information, I am assuming notification will be required?

– Frowning in Fresno

Dear Mary,

One of our employees recently fell victim to a phishing attack, allowing unauthorized access to their email account for a brief period. To be safe, we reset everyone’s passwords and terminated all active sessions. We’re now in the process of hiring a law firm to determine if we need to notify anyone about the incident. It’s taking a little longer to get them engaged, but I’m hoping to have this done soon. In the meantime, is there anything else we should be considering?

– Not Entirely Clueless in Connecticut

Dear Mary,

One of our critical service providers recently suffered a cyberattack. It’s all over the news, and our business operations are severely impacted. We’re losing money every day, and we have no idea how long this will last. Do you have any suggestions on what to do? The lack of information from our service provider is incredibly frustrating.

– Frustrated in Dallas

Dear Mary,

We had a security incident a few weeks backs that luckily turned out to be nothing. I’ll tell you, tension was high around here while the investigation was ongoing because there was a possibility that it was going to be bad. The forensic firm (hired by our outside counsel) figured out that the incident resulted from a misconfiguration in our MFA. We fixed that and now I’m wondering whether we really need a forensic report given the limited impact. I am not sure I understand the need.

– Uncertain in Atlanta

Dear Mary,

I work in the IT department of a mid-sized company that recently detected a security incident. Everyone is freaking out – minus me. My manager asked our IT team to investigate the incident. But the incident is already contained, and business is back to normal. Why do we need to investigate further? Like seriously, why? And if we do need to investigate further, should I be doing this? I’ve been in IT for a while, and I have never been in this situation before.

– Forensic Forgoer in Florida

We are pleased to introduce ‘Dear Mary,’ a new advice column from Troutman Pepper’s Incidents + Investigations team. This column will answer questions about anything and everything cyber-related — data breaches, forensic investigations, responding to regulators, and much more. ‘Dear Mary’ goes beyond the articles, podcasts, webinars, and other content we produce, as we are responding directly to your questions with concise, practical answers. ‘Dear Mary’ can be found here on the firm website, and direct links can be found on our Privacy + Cyber related blogs and newsletters.